true, 'host' => 'localhost', 'login' => 'root', 'password' => '', 'database' => 'cake', 'schema' => 'public', 'port' => 5432, 'encoding' => '' ); /** * Columns * * @var array */ public $columns = array( 'primary_key' => array('name' => 'serial NOT NULL'), 'string' => array('name' => 'varchar', 'limit' => '255'), 'text' => array('name' => 'text'), 'integer' => array('name' => 'integer', 'formatter' => 'intval'), 'float' => array('name' => 'float', 'formatter' => 'floatval'), 'datetime' => array('name' => 'timestamp', 'format' => 'Y-m-d H:i:s', 'formatter' => 'date'), 'timestamp' => array('name' => 'timestamp', 'format' => 'Y-m-d H:i:s', 'formatter' => 'date'), 'time' => array('name' => 'time', 'format' => 'H:i:s', 'formatter' => 'date'), 'date' => array('name' => 'date', 'format' => 'Y-m-d', 'formatter' => 'date'), 'binary' => array('name' => 'bytea'), 'boolean' => array('name' => 'boolean'), 'number' => array('name' => 'numeric'), 'inet' => array('name' => 'inet') ); /** * Starting Quote * * @var string */ public $startQuote = '"'; /** * Ending Quote * * @var string */ public $endQuote = '"'; /** * Contains mappings of custom auto-increment sequences, if a table uses a sequence name * other than what is dictated by convention. * * @var array */ protected $_sequenceMap = array(); /** * Connects to the database using options in the given configuration array. * * @return boolean True if successfully connected. * @throws MissingConnectionException */ public function connect() { $config = $this->config; $this->connected = false; try { $flags = array( PDO::ATTR_PERSISTENT => $config['persistent'], PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE => PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION ); $this->_connection = new PDO( "pgsql:host={$config['host']};port={$config['port']};dbname={$config['database']}", $config['login'], $config['password'], $flags ); $this->connected = true; if (!empty($config['encoding'])) { $this->setEncoding($config['encoding']); } if (!empty($config['schema'])) { $this->_execute('SET search_path TO ' . $config['schema']); } } catch (PDOException $e) { throw new MissingConnectionException(array('class' => $e->getMessage())); } return $this->connected; } /** * Check if PostgreSQL is enabled/loaded * * @return boolean */ public function enabled() { return in_array('pgsql', PDO::getAvailableDrivers()); } /** * Returns an array of tables in the database. If there are no tables, an error is raised and the application exits. * * @param mixed $data * @return array Array of table names in the database */ public function listSources($data = null) { $cache = parent::listSources(); if ($cache != null) { return $cache; } $schema = $this->config['schema']; $sql = "SELECT table_name as name FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.tables WHERE table_schema = ?"; $result = $this->_execute($sql, array($schema)); if (!$result) { return array(); } else { $tables = array(); foreach ($result as $item) { $tables[] = $item->name; } $result->closeCursor(); parent::listSources($tables); return $tables; } } /** * Returns an array of the fields in given table name. * * @param Model|string $model Name of database table to inspect * @return array Fields in table. Keys are name and type */ public function describe($model) { $table = $this->fullTableName($model, false, false); $fields = parent::describe($table); $this->_sequenceMap[$table] = array(); $cols = null; if ($fields === null) { $cols = $this->_execute( "SELECT DISTINCT table_schema AS schema, column_name AS name, data_type AS type, is_nullable AS null, column_default AS default, ordinal_position AS position, character_maximum_length AS char_length, character_octet_length AS oct_length FROM information_schema.columns WHERE table_name = ? AND table_schema = ? ORDER BY position", array($table, $this->config['schema']) ); // @codingStandardsIgnoreStart // Postgres columns don't match the coding standards. foreach ($cols as $c) { $type = $c->type; if (!empty($c->oct_length) && $c->char_length === null) { if ($c->type == 'character varying') { $length = null; $type = 'text'; } elseif ($c->type == 'uuid') { $length = 36; } else { $length = intval($c->oct_length); } } elseif (!empty($c->char_length)) { $length = intval($c->char_length); } else { $length = $this->length($c->type); } if (empty($length)) { $length = null; } $fields[$c->name] = array( 'type' => $this->column($type), 'null' => ($c->null == 'NO' ? false : true), 'default' => preg_replace( "/^'(.*)'$/", "$1", preg_replace('/::.*/', '', $c->default) ), 'length' => $length ); if ($model instanceof Model) { if ($c->name == $model->primaryKey) { $fields[$c->name]['key'] = 'primary'; if ($fields[$c->name]['type'] !== 'string') { $fields[$c->name]['length'] = 11; } } } if ( $fields[$c->name]['default'] == 'NULL' || preg_match('/nextval\([\'"]?([\w.]+)/', $c->default, $seq) ) { $fields[$c->name]['default'] = null; if (!empty($seq) && isset($seq[1])) { if (strpos($seq[1], '.') === false) { $sequenceName = $c->schema . '.' . $seq[1]; } else { $sequenceName = $seq[1]; } $this->_sequenceMap[$table][$c->name] = $sequenceName; } } if ($fields[$c->name]['type'] == 'boolean' && !empty($fields[$c->name]['default'])) { $fields[$c->name]['default'] = constant($fields[$c->name]['default']); } } $this->_cacheDescription($table, $fields); } // @codingStandardsIgnoreEnd if (isset($model->sequence)) { $this->_sequenceMap[$table][$model->primaryKey] = $model->sequence; } if ($cols) { $cols->closeCursor(); } return $fields; } /** * Returns the ID generated from the previous INSERT operation. * * @param string $source Name of the database table * @param string $field Name of the ID database field. Defaults to "id" * @return integer */ public function lastInsertId($source = null, $field = 'id') { $seq = $this->getSequence($source, $field); return $this->_connection->lastInsertId($seq); } /** * Gets the associated sequence for the given table/field * * @param mixed $table Either a full table name (with prefix) as a string, or a model object * @param string $field Name of the ID database field. Defaults to "id" * @return string The associated sequence name from the sequence map, defaults to "{$table}_{$field}_seq" */ public function getSequence($table, $field = 'id') { if (is_object($table)) { $table = $this->fullTableName($table, false, false); } if (isset($this->_sequenceMap[$table]) && isset($this->_sequenceMap[$table][$field])) { return $this->_sequenceMap[$table][$field]; } else { return "{$table}_{$field}_seq"; } } /** * Deletes all the records in a table and drops all associated auto-increment sequences * * @param mixed $table A string or model class representing the table to be truncated * @param boolean $reset true for resetting the sequence, false to leave it as is. * and if 1, sequences are not modified * @return boolean SQL TRUNCATE TABLE statement, false if not applicable. */ public function truncate($table, $reset = false) { $table = $this->fullTableName($table, false, false); if (!isset($this->_sequenceMap[$table])) { $cache = $this->cacheSources; $this->cacheSources = false; $this->describe($table); $this->cacheSources = $cache; } if ($this->execute('DELETE FROM ' . $this->fullTableName($table))) { $schema = $this->config['schema']; if (isset($this->_sequenceMap[$table]) && $reset != true) { foreach ($this->_sequenceMap[$table] as $field => $sequence) { list($schema, $sequence) = explode('.', $sequence); $this->_execute("ALTER SEQUENCE \"{$schema}\".\"{$sequence}\" RESTART WITH 1"); } } return true; } return false; } /** * Prepares field names to be quoted by parent * * @param string $data * @return string SQL field */ public function name($data) { if (is_string($data)) { $data = str_replace('"__"', '__', $data); } return parent::name($data); } /** * Generates the fields list of an SQL query. * * @param Model $model * @param string $alias Alias table name * @param mixed $fields * @param boolean $quote * @return array */ public function fields(Model $model, $alias = null, $fields = array(), $quote = true) { if (empty($alias)) { $alias = $model->alias; } $fields = parent::fields($model, $alias, $fields, false); if (!$quote) { return $fields; } $count = count($fields); if ($count >= 1 && !preg_match('/^\s*COUNT\(\*/', $fields[0])) { $result = array(); for ($i = 0; $i < $count; $i++) { if (!preg_match('/^.+\\(.*\\)/', $fields[$i]) && !preg_match('/\s+AS\s+/', $fields[$i])) { if (substr($fields[$i], -1) == '*') { if (strpos($fields[$i], '.') !== false && $fields[$i] != $alias . '.*') { $build = explode('.', $fields[$i]); $AssociatedModel = $model->{$build[0]}; } else { $AssociatedModel = $model; } $_fields = $this->fields($AssociatedModel, $AssociatedModel->alias, array_keys($AssociatedModel->schema())); $result = array_merge($result, $_fields); continue; } $prepend = ''; if (strpos($fields[$i], 'DISTINCT') !== false) { $prepend = 'DISTINCT '; $fields[$i] = trim(str_replace('DISTINCT', '', $fields[$i])); } if (strrpos($fields[$i], '.') === false) { $fields[$i] = $prepend . $this->name($alias) . '.' . $this->name($fields[$i]) . ' AS ' . $this->name($alias . '__' . $fields[$i]); } else { $build = explode('.', $fields[$i]); $fields[$i] = $prepend . $this->name($build[0]) . '.' . $this->name($build[1]) . ' AS ' . $this->name($build[0] . '__' . $build[1]); } } else { $fields[$i] = preg_replace_callback('/\(([\s\.\w]+)\)/', array(&$this, '_quoteFunctionField'), $fields[$i]); } $result[] = $fields[$i]; } return $result; } return $fields; } /** * Auxiliary function to quote matched `(Model.fields)` from a preg_replace_callback call * Quotes the fields in a function call. * * @param string $match matched string * @return string quoted string */ protected function _quoteFunctionField($match) { $prepend = ''; if (strpos($match[1], 'DISTINCT') !== false) { $prepend = 'DISTINCT '; $match[1] = trim(str_replace('DISTINCT', '', $match[1])); } $constant = preg_match('/^\d+|NULL|FALSE|TRUE$/i', $match[1]); if (!$constant && strpos($match[1], '.') === false) { $match[1] = $this->name($match[1]); } elseif (!$constant) { $parts = explode('.', $match[1]); if (!Hash::numeric($parts)) { $match[1] = $this->name($match[1]); } } return '(' . $prepend . $match[1] . ')'; } /** * Returns an array of the indexes in given datasource name. * * @param string $model Name of model to inspect * @return array Fields in table. Keys are column and unique */ public function index($model) { $index = array(); $table = $this->fullTableName($model, false, false); if ($table) { $indexes = $this->query("SELECT c2.relname, i.indisprimary, i.indisunique, i.indisclustered, i.indisvalid, pg_catalog.pg_get_indexdef(i.indexrelid, 0, true) as statement, c2.reltablespace FROM pg_catalog.pg_class c, pg_catalog.pg_class c2, pg_catalog.pg_index i WHERE c.oid = ( SELECT c.oid FROM pg_catalog.pg_class c LEFT JOIN pg_catalog.pg_namespace n ON n.oid = c.relnamespace WHERE c.relname ~ '^(" . $table . ")$' AND pg_catalog.pg_table_is_visible(c.oid) AND n.nspname ~ '^(" . $this->config['schema'] . ")$' ) AND c.oid = i.indrelid AND i.indexrelid = c2.oid ORDER BY i.indisprimary DESC, i.indisunique DESC, c2.relname", false); foreach ($indexes as $i => $info) { $key = array_pop($info); if ($key['indisprimary']) { $key['relname'] = 'PRIMARY'; } preg_match('/\(([^\)]+)\)/', $key['statement'], $indexColumns); $parsedColumn = $indexColumns[1]; if (strpos($indexColumns[1], ',') !== false) { $parsedColumn = explode(', ', $indexColumns[1]); } $index[$key['relname']]['unique'] = $key['indisunique']; $index[$key['relname']]['column'] = $parsedColumn; } } return $index; } /** * Alter the Schema of a table. * * @param array $compare Results of CakeSchema::compare() * @param string $table name of the table * @return array */ public function alterSchema($compare, $table = null) { if (!is_array($compare)) { return false; } $out = ''; $colList = array(); foreach ($compare as $curTable => $types) { $indexes = $colList = array(); if (!$table || $table == $curTable) { $out .= 'ALTER TABLE ' . $this->fullTableName($curTable) . " \n"; foreach ($types as $type => $column) { if (isset($column['indexes'])) { $indexes[$type] = $column['indexes']; unset($column['indexes']); } switch ($type) { case 'add': foreach ($column as $field => $col) { $col['name'] = $field; $colList[] = 'ADD COLUMN ' . $this->buildColumn($col); } break; case 'drop': foreach ($column as $field => $col) { $col['name'] = $field; $colList[] = 'DROP COLUMN ' . $this->name($field); } break; case 'change': foreach ($column as $field => $col) { if (!isset($col['name'])) { $col['name'] = $field; } $fieldName = $this->name($field); $default = isset($col['default']) ? $col['default'] : null; $nullable = isset($col['null']) ? $col['null'] : null; unset($col['default'], $col['null']); $colList[] = 'ALTER COLUMN ' . $fieldName . ' TYPE ' . str_replace(array($fieldName, 'NOT NULL'), '', $this->buildColumn($col)); if (isset($nullable)) { $nullable = ($nullable) ? 'DROP NOT NULL' : 'SET NOT NULL'; $colList[] = 'ALTER COLUMN ' . $fieldName . ' ' . $nullable; } if (isset($default)) { $colList[] = 'ALTER COLUMN ' . $fieldName . ' SET DEFAULT ' . $this->value($default, $col['type']); } else { $colList[] = 'ALTER COLUMN ' . $fieldName . ' DROP DEFAULT'; } } break; } } if (isset($indexes['drop']['PRIMARY'])) { $colList[] = 'DROP CONSTRAINT ' . $curTable . '_pkey'; } if (isset($indexes['add']['PRIMARY'])) { $cols = $indexes['add']['PRIMARY']['column']; if (is_array($cols)) { $cols = implode(', ', $cols); } $colList[] = 'ADD PRIMARY KEY (' . $cols . ')'; } if (!empty($colList)) { $out .= "\t" . implode(",\n\t", $colList) . ";\n\n"; } else { $out = ''; } $out .= implode(";\n\t", $this->_alterIndexes($curTable, $indexes)); } } return $out; } /** * Generate PostgreSQL index alteration statements for a table. * * @param string $table Table to alter indexes for * @param array $indexes Indexes to add and drop * @return array Index alteration statements */ protected function _alterIndexes($table, $indexes) { $alter = array(); if (isset($indexes['drop'])) { foreach ($indexes['drop'] as $name => $value) { $out = 'DROP '; if ($name == 'PRIMARY') { continue; } else { $out .= 'INDEX ' . $name; } $alter[] = $out; } } if (isset($indexes['add'])) { foreach ($indexes['add'] as $name => $value) { $out = 'CREATE '; if ($name == 'PRIMARY') { continue; } else { if (!empty($value['unique'])) { $out .= 'UNIQUE '; } $out .= 'INDEX '; } if (is_array($value['column'])) { $out .= $name . ' ON ' . $table . ' (' . implode(', ', array_map(array(&$this, 'name'), $value['column'])) . ')'; } else { $out .= $name . ' ON ' . $table . ' (' . $this->name($value['column']) . ')'; } $alter[] = $out; } } return $alter; } /** * Returns a limit statement in the correct format for the particular database. * * @param integer $limit Limit of results returned * @param integer $offset Offset from which to start results * @return string SQL limit/offset statement */ public function limit($limit, $offset = null) { if ($limit) { $rt = ''; if (!strpos(strtolower($limit), 'limit') || strpos(strtolower($limit), 'limit') === 0) { $rt = ' LIMIT'; } $rt .= ' ' . $limit; if ($offset) { $rt .= ' OFFSET ' . $offset; } return $rt; } return null; } /** * Converts database-layer column types to basic types * * @param string $real Real database-layer column type (i.e. "varchar(255)") * @return string Abstract column type (i.e. "string") */ public function column($real) { if (is_array($real)) { $col = $real['name']; if (isset($real['limit'])) { $col .= '(' . $real['limit'] . ')'; } return $col; } $col = str_replace(')', '', $real); $limit = null; if (strpos($col, '(') !== false) { list($col, $limit) = explode('(', $col); } $floats = array( 'float', 'float4', 'float8', 'double', 'double precision', 'decimal', 'real', 'numeric' ); switch (true) { case (in_array($col, array('date', 'time', 'inet', 'boolean'))): return $col; case (strpos($col, 'timestamp') !== false): return 'datetime'; case (strpos($col, 'time') === 0): return 'time'; case (strpos($col, 'int') !== false && $col != 'interval'): return 'integer'; case (strpos($col, 'char') !== false || $col == 'uuid'): return 'string'; case (strpos($col, 'text') !== false): return 'text'; case (strpos($col, 'bytea') !== false): return 'binary'; case (in_array($col, $floats)): return 'float'; default: return 'text'; break; } } /** * Gets the length of a database-native column description, or null if no length * * @param string $real Real database-layer column type (i.e. "varchar(255)") * @return integer An integer representing the length of the column */ public function length($real) { $col = str_replace(array(')', 'unsigned'), '', $real); $limit = null; if (strpos($col, '(') !== false) { list($col, $limit) = explode('(', $col); } if ($col == 'uuid') { return 36; } if ($limit != null) { return intval($limit); } return null; } /** * resultSet method * * @param array $results * @return void */ public function resultSet(&$results) { $this->map = array(); $numFields = $results->columnCount(); $index = 0; $j = 0; while ($j < $numFields) { $column = $results->getColumnMeta($j); if (strpos($column['name'], '__')) { list($table, $name) = explode('__', $column['name']); $this->map[$index++] = array($table, $name, $column['native_type']); } else { $this->map[$index++] = array(0, $column['name'], $column['native_type']); } $j++; } } /** * Fetches the next row from the current result set * * @return array */ public function fetchResult() { if ($row = $this->_result->fetch(PDO::FETCH_NUM)) { $resultRow = array(); foreach ($this->map as $index => $meta) { list($table, $column, $type) = $meta; switch ($type) { case 'bool': $resultRow[$table][$column] = is_null($row[$index]) ? null : $this->boolean($row[$index]); break; case 'binary': case 'bytea': $resultRow[$table][$column] = is_null($row[$index]) ? null : stream_get_contents($row[$index]); break; default: $resultRow[$table][$column] = $row[$index]; break; } } return $resultRow; } else { $this->_result->closeCursor(); return false; } } /** * Translates between PHP boolean values and PostgreSQL boolean values * * @param mixed $data Value to be translated * @param boolean $quote true to quote a boolean to be used in a query, false to return the boolean value * @return boolean Converted boolean value */ public function boolean($data, $quote = false) { switch (true) { case ($data === true || $data === false): $result = $data; break; case ($data === 't' || $data === 'f'): $result = ($data === 't'); break; case ($data === 'true' || $data === 'false'): $result = ($data === 'true'); break; case ($data === 'TRUE' || $data === 'FALSE'): $result = ($data === 'TRUE'); break; default: $result = (bool)$data; break; } if ($quote) { return ($result) ? 'TRUE' : 'FALSE'; } return (bool)$result; } /** * Sets the database encoding * * @param mixed $enc Database encoding * @return boolean True on success, false on failure */ public function setEncoding($enc) { return $this->_execute('SET NAMES ' . $this->value($enc)) !== false; } /** * Gets the database encoding * * @return string The database encoding */ public function getEncoding() { $result = $this->_execute('SHOW client_encoding')->fetch(); if ($result === false) { return false; } return (isset($result['client_encoding'])) ? $result['client_encoding'] : false; } /** * Generate a Postgres-native column schema string * * @param array $column An array structured like the following: * array('name'=>'value', 'type'=>'value'[, options]), * where options can be 'default', 'length', or 'key'. * @return string */ public function buildColumn($column) { $col = $this->columns[$column['type']]; if (!isset($col['length']) && !isset($col['limit'])) { unset($column['length']); } $out = preg_replace('/integer\([0-9]+\)/', 'integer', parent::buildColumn($column)); $out = str_replace('integer serial', 'serial', $out); if (strpos($out, 'timestamp DEFAULT')) { if (isset($column['null']) && $column['null']) { $out = str_replace('DEFAULT NULL', '', $out); } else { $out = str_replace('DEFAULT NOT NULL', '', $out); } } if (strpos($out, 'DEFAULT DEFAULT')) { if (isset($column['null']) && $column['null']) { $out = str_replace('DEFAULT DEFAULT', 'DEFAULT NULL', $out); } elseif (in_array($column['type'], array('integer', 'float'))) { $out = str_replace('DEFAULT DEFAULT', 'DEFAULT 0', $out); } elseif ($column['type'] == 'boolean') { $out = str_replace('DEFAULT DEFAULT', 'DEFAULT FALSE', $out); } } return $out; } /** * Format indexes for create table * * @param array $indexes * @param string $table * @return string */ public function buildIndex($indexes, $table = null) { $join = array(); if (!is_array($indexes)) { return array(); } foreach ($indexes as $name => $value) { if ($name == 'PRIMARY') { $out = 'PRIMARY KEY (' . $this->name($value['column']) . ')'; } else { $out = 'CREATE '; if (!empty($value['unique'])) { $out .= 'UNIQUE '; } if (is_array($value['column'])) { $value['column'] = implode(', ', array_map(array(&$this, 'name'), $value['column'])); } else { $value['column'] = $this->name($value['column']); } $out .= "INDEX {$name} ON {$table}({$value['column']});"; } $join[] = $out; } return $join; } /** * Overrides DboSource::renderStatement to handle schema generation with Postgres-style indexes * * @param string $type * @param array $data * @return string */ public function renderStatement($type, $data) { switch (strtolower($type)) { case 'schema': extract($data); foreach ($indexes as $i => $index) { if (preg_match('/PRIMARY KEY/', $index)) { unset($indexes[$i]); $columns[] = $index; break; } } $join = array('columns' => ",\n\t", 'indexes' => "\n"); foreach (array('columns', 'indexes') as $var) { if (is_array(${$var})) { ${$var} = implode($join[$var], array_filter(${$var})); } } return "CREATE TABLE {$table} (\n\t{$columns}\n);\n{$indexes}"; break; default: return parent::renderStatement($type, $data); break; } } /** * Gets the schema name * * @return string The schema name */ public function getSchemaName() { return $this->config['schema']; } /** * Check if the server support nested transactions * * @return boolean */ public function nestedTransactionSupported() { return $this->nestedTransaction && version_compare($this->getVersion(), '8.0', '>='); } }