From 75cce3f107236e09659a2e01be7b455fb753b172 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: phpnut <phpnut@cakephp.org>
Date: Sat, 2 Jul 2005 22:49:04 +0000
Subject: [PATCH] Merging changes from Kamil's sandbox. Beginning refactoring
 to bring current trunk to a usable release.

git-svn-id: https://svn.cakephp.org/repo/trunk/cake@301 3807eeeb-6ff5-0310-8944-8be069107fe0
---
 libs/controller.php |  213 ++++++--
 libs/template.php   | 1187 -------------------------------------------
 libs/view.php       |  479 ++++++++++++++++-
 3 files changed, 658 insertions(+), 1221 deletions(-)

diff --git a/libs/controller.php b/libs/controller.php
index d58bccb01..4663b2ba4 100644
--- a/libs/controller.php
+++ b/libs/controller.php
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@
 /**
  * Enter description here...
  */
-uses('model', 'template', 'inflector', 'folder');
+uses('model', 'inflector', 'folder', 'view');
 
 /**
  * Enter description here...
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ uses('model', 'template', 'inflector', 'folder');
  * @since Cake v 0.2.9
  *
  */
-class Controller extends Template
+class Controller extends Object
 {
 	/**
 	 * Name of the controller.
@@ -96,6 +96,66 @@ class Controller extends Template
 	 */
 	var $helpers = array('html');
 
+	var $viewPath;
+
+	/**
+	 * Variables for the view
+	 *
+	 * @var array
+	 * @access private
+	 */
+	var $_viewVars = array();
+
+	/**
+	 * Enter description here...
+	 *
+	 * @var boolean
+	 * @access private
+	 */
+	var $pageTitle = false;
+
+	/**
+	 * An array of model objects.
+	 *
+	 * @var array Array of model objects.
+	 * @access public
+	 */
+	var $models = array();
+
+
+	/**
+	 * Enter description here...
+	 *
+	 * @var unknown_type
+	 * @access public
+	 */
+	var $base = null;
+
+	/**
+	 * Enter description here...
+	 *
+	 * @var string
+	 * @access public
+	 */
+	var $layout = 'default';
+
+	/**
+	 * Enter description here...
+	 *
+	 * @var boolean
+	 * @access public
+	 */
+	var $autoRender = true;
+
+	/**
+	 * Enter description here...
+	 *
+	 * @var boolean
+	 * @access public
+	 */
+	var $autoLayout = true;
+
+
 	/**
 	 * Constructor. 
 	 *
@@ -113,7 +173,7 @@ class Controller extends Template
 		}
 
 		$this->name = strtolower($r[1]);
-		$this->viewpath = Inflector::underscore($r[1]);
+		$this->viewPath = Inflector::underscore($r[1]);
 
 		$model_class = Inflector::singularize($this->name);
 
@@ -122,7 +182,7 @@ class Controller extends Template
 
 		if (class_exists($model_class) && ($this->uses === false))
 		{
-			$this->$model_class = new $model_class();
+			$this->models[$model_class] = new $model_class();
 		}
 		elseif ($this->uses)
 		{
@@ -139,7 +199,7 @@ class Controller extends Template
 
 				if (class_exists($model_class))
 				{
-					$this->$model_name = new $model_class (false);
+					$this->models[$model_name] = new $model_class(false);
 				}
 				else
 				{
@@ -149,6 +209,97 @@ class Controller extends Template
 		}
 	}
 
+	/**
+	 * Redirects to given $url, after turning off $this->autoRender.
+	 *
+	 * @param unknown_type $url
+	 */
+	function redirect ($url)
+	{
+		$this->autoRender = false;
+		header ('Location: '.$this->base.$url);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Saves a variable to use inside a template.
+	 *
+	 * @param mixed $one A string or an array of data.
+	 * @param string $two Value in case $one is a string (which then works as the key), otherwise unused.
+	 * @return unknown
+	 */
+	function set($one, $two=null)
+	{
+		return $this->_setArray(is_array($one)? $one: array($one=>$two));
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Enter description here...
+	 *
+	 * @param unknown_type $action
+	 */
+	function setAction ($action)
+	{
+		$this->action = $action;
+
+		$args = func_get_args();
+		call_user_func_array(array(&$this, $action), $args);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Returns number of errors in a submitted FORM.
+	 *
+	 * @return int Number of errors
+	 */
+	function validate ()
+	{
+		$args = func_get_args();
+		$errors = call_user_func_array(array(&$this, 'validateErrors'), $args);
+
+		return count($errors);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Validates a FORM according to the rules set up in the Model.
+	 *
+	 * @return int Number of errors
+	 */
+	function validateErrors ()
+	{
+		$objects = func_get_args();
+		if (!count($objects)) return false;
+
+		$errors = array();
+		foreach ($objects as $object)
+		{
+			$errors = array_merge($errors, $object->invalidFields($object->data));
+		}
+
+		return $this->validationErrors = (count($errors)? $errors: false);
+	}
+
+	function render($action=null, $layout=null, $file=null)
+	{
+		$v = new View();
+		$v->_viewVars  = $this->_viewVars;
+		$v->action     = $this->action;
+		$v->autoLayout = $this->autoLayout;
+		$v->autoRender = $this->autoRender;
+		$v->base       = $this->base;
+		$v->helpers    = $this->helpers;
+		$v->here       = $this->here;
+		$v->layout     = $this->layout;
+		$v->models     = $this->models;
+		$v->name       = $this->name;
+		$v->pageTitle  = $this->pageTitle;
+		$v->parent     = $this->parent;
+		$v->viewPath   = $this->viewPath;
+
+		$v->params     = $this->params;
+		$v->data       = $this->data;
+		//$this->view = $v;
+		return  $v->render($action, $layout, $file);
+	}
+
 	function missingController()
 	{
 		//We are simulating action call below, this is not a filename!
@@ -167,41 +318,43 @@ class Controller extends Template
 		$this->render('../errors/missingView');
 	}
 
+	//		/**
+	//		 * Displays an error page to the user. Uses layouts/error.html to render the page.
+	//		 *
+	//		 * @param int $code Error code (for instance: 404)
+	//		 * @param string $name Name of the error (for instance: Not Found)
+	//		 * @param string $message Error message
+	//		 */
+	//		function error ($code, $name, $message)
+	//		{
+	//			header ("HTTP/1.0 {$code} {$name}");
+	//			print ($this->_render(VIEWS.'layouts/error.thtml', array('code'=>$code,'name'=>$name,'message'=>$message)));
+	//		}
+
 	/**
-	 * Redirects to given $url, after turning off $this->autoRender.
+	 * Sets data for this view. Will set title if the key "title" is in given $data array.
 	 *
-	 * @param unknown_type $url
+	 * @param array $data Array of 
 	 */
-	function redirect ($url)
+	function _setArray($data)
 	{
-		$this->autoRender = false;
-		header ('Location: '.$this->base.$url);
+		foreach ($data as $name => $value)
+		{
+			if ($name == 'title')
+			$this->_setTitle($value);
+			else
+			$this->_viewVars[$name] = $value;
+		}
 	}
 
 	/**
-	 * Enter description here...
+	 * Set the title element of the page.
 	 *
-	 * @param unknown_type $action
+	 * @param string $pageTitle Text for the title
 	 */
-	function setAction ($action)
+	function _setTitle($pageTitle)
 	{
-		$this->action = $action;
-
-		$args = func_get_args();
-		call_user_func_array(array(&$this, $action), $args);
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Displays an error page to the user. Uses layouts/error.html to render the page.
-	 *
-	 * @param int $code Error code (for instance: 404)
-	 * @param string $name Name of the error (for instance: Not Found)
-	 * @param string $message Error message
-	 */
-	function error ($code, $name, $message)
-	{
-		header ("HTTP/1.0 {$code} {$name}");
-		print ($this->_render(VIEWS.'layouts/error.thtml', array('code'=>$code,'name'=>$name,'message'=>$message)));
+		$this->pageTitle = $pageTitle;
 	}
 
 }
diff --git a/libs/template.php b/libs/template.php
index d4bc23e91..e81dd9547 100644
--- a/libs/template.php
+++ b/libs/template.php
@@ -90,28 +90,6 @@ class Template extends Object
 	 */
 	var $pageTitle = false;
 
-	/**
-	 * Choose the layout to be used when rendering.
-	 *
-	 * @param string $layout
-	 */
-	function setLayout($layout)
-	{
-		$this->layout = $layout;
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Saves a variable to use inside a template.
-	 *
-	 * @param mixed $one A string or an array of data.
-	 * @param string $two Value in case $one is a string (which then works as the key), otherwise unused.
-	 * @return unknown
-	 */
-	function set($one, $two=null)
-	{
-		return $this->_setArray(is_array($one)? $one: array($one=>$two));
-	}
-
 	/**
 	 * Set the title element of the page.
 	 *
@@ -122,1171 +100,6 @@ class Template extends Object
 		$this->pageTitle = $pageTitle;
 	}
 
-	/**
-	 * Sets data for this view. Will set title if the key "title" is in given $data array.
-	 *
-	 * @param array $data Array of 
-	 */
-	function _setArray($data)
-	{
-		foreach ($data as $name => $value)
-		{
-			if ($name == 'title')
-			$this->setTitle($value);
-			else
-			$this->_viewVars[$name] = $value;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Displays a flash message. A flash message is feedback to the user that displays after editing actions, among other things.
-	 *
-	 * @param string $message Text to display to the user
-	 * @param string $url URL fragment
-	 * @param int $time Display time, in seconds
-	 */
-	function flash($message, $url, $time=1)
-	{
-		$this->autoRender = false;
-		$this->autoLayout = false;
-
-		$this->set('url', $this->base.$url);
-		$this->set('message', $message);
-		$this->set('time', $time);
-
-		$this->render(null,false,VIEWS.'layouts'.DS.'flash.thtml');
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Render view for given action and layout. If $file is given, that is used 
-	 * for a view filename (e.g. customFunkyView.thtml).
-	 *
-	 * @param string $action Name of action to render for
-	 * @param string $layout 
-	 * @param string $file Custom filename for view
-	 */
-	function render($action=null, $layout=null, $file=null)
-	{
-		if (isset($this->hasRendered) && $this->hasRendered)
-		{
-			return true;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			$this->hasRendered = false;
-		}
-
-		$this->autoRender = false;
-
-		if (!$action) $action = $this->action;
-		if ($layout) $this->setLayout($layout);
-
-		//$isFatal = isset($this->isFatal) ? $this->isFatal : false;
-
-		$viewFn = $file? $file: $this->_getViewFn($action);
-
-		if (!is_file($viewFn))
-		{
-			if (strtolower(get_class($this)) == 'template')
-			{
-				return array('action' => $action, 'layout' => $layout, 'viewFn' => $viewFn);
-			}
-
-			// check to see if the missing view is due to a custom missingAction
-			if (strpos($action, 'missingAction') !== false)
-			{
-				$errorAction = 'missingAction';
-			}
-			else
-			{
-				$errorAction = 'missingView';
-			}
-
-			// check for controller-level view handler
-			foreach(array($this->name, 'errors') as $view_dir)
-			{
-				$missingViewFn = VIEWS.$view_dir.DS.Inflector::underscore($errorAction).'.thtml';
-				$missingViewExists = is_file($missingViewFn);
-				if ($missingViewExists)
-				{
-					break;
-				}
-			}
-
-			if (strpos($action, 'missingView') === false)
-			{
-				$controller = $this;
-				$controller->missingView = $viewFn;
-				$controller->action      = $action;
-				call_user_func_array(array(&$controller, 'missingView'), empty($params['pass'])? null: $params['pass']);
-				$isFatal = isset($this->isFatal) ? $this->isFatal : false;
-				if (!$isFatal)
-				{
-					$viewFn = $missingViewFn;
-				}
-			}
-			else
-			{
-				$missingViewExists = false;
-			}
-
-			if (!$missingViewExists || $isFatal)
-			{
-				// app/view/errors/missing_view.thtml view is missing!
-				if (DEBUG)
-				{
-					trigger_error(sprintf(ERROR_NO_VIEW, $action, $viewFn), E_USER_ERROR);
-				}
-				else
-				{
-					$this->error('404', 'Not found', sprintf(ERROR_404, '', "missing view \"{$action}\""));
-				}
-
-				die();
-			}
-		}
-
-		if ($viewFn && !$this->hasRendered)
-		{
-			$out = $this->_render($viewFn, $this->_viewVars, 0);
-			if ($out !== false)
-			{
-				if ($this->layout && $this->autoLayout)
-				{
-					$out = $this->renderLayout($out);
-				}
-
-				print $out;
-				$this->hasRendered = true;
-			}
-			else
-			{
-				$out = $this->_render($viewFn, $this->_viewVars, false);
-				trigger_error(sprintf(ERROR_IN_VIEW, $viewFn, $out), E_USER_ERROR);
-			}
-
-			return true;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Renders a layout. Returns output from _render(). Returns false on error.
-	 *
-	 * @param string $content_for_layout Content to render in a view
-	 * @return string Rendered output
-	 */
-	function renderLayout($content_for_layout)
-	{
-		$layout_fn = $this->_getLayoutFn();
-
-		$data_for_layout = array_merge($this->_viewVars, array(
-		'title_for_layout'=>$this->pageTitle !== false? $this->pageTitle: Inflector::humanize($this->viewpath),
-		'content_for_layout'=>$content_for_layout));
-
-		if (is_file($layout_fn)) {
-			$out = $this->_render($layout_fn, $data_for_layout);
-
-			if ($out === false) {
-				$out = $this->_render($layout_fn, $data_for_layout, false);
-				trigger_error(sprintf(ERROR_IN_LAYOUT, $layout_fn, $out), E_USER_ERROR);
-				return false;
-			}
-			else {
-				return $out;
-			}
-		}
-		else {
-			trigger_error(sprintf(ERROR_NO_LAYOUT, $this->layout, $layout_fn), E_USER_ERROR);
-			return false;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Renders a piece of PHP with provided parameters and returns HTML, XML, or any other string.
-	 *
-	 * @param string $name Name of template file
-	 * @param array $params Array of data for rendered view 
-	 * @return string Rendered output
-	 */
-	function renderElement($name, $params=array())
-	{
-		$fn = ELEMENTS.$name.'.thtml';
-
-		if (!file_exists($fn))
-		return "(Error rendering {$name})";
-
-		return $this->_render($fn, array_merge($this->_viewVars, $params));
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Returns layout filename for this template as a string.
-	 *
-	 * @return string Filename for layout file (.thtml).
-	 */
-	function _getLayoutFn()
-	{
-		return VIEWS."layouts".DS."{$this->layout}.thtml";
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Returns filename of given action's template file (.thtml) as a string. CamelCased action names will be under_scored! This means that you can have LongActionNames that refer to long_action_names.thtml views.
-	 *
-	 * @param string $action Controller action to find template filename for
-	 * @return string Template filename
-	 */
-	function _getViewFn($action)
-	{
-		$action = Inflector::underscore($action);
-		$viewFn = VIEWS.$this->viewpath.DS."{$action}.thtml";
-		$viewPath = explode(DS, $viewFn);
-
-		$i = array_search('..', $viewPath);
-
-		unset($viewPath[$i-1]);
-		unset($viewPath[$i]);
-
-		return '/'.implode('/', $viewPath);
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Renders and returns output for given view filename with its 
-	 * array of data.
-	 *
-	 * @param string $___viewFn Filename of the view
-	 * @param array $___data_for_view Data to include in rendered view
-	 * @param boolean $___play_safe If set to false, the include() of the $__viewFn is done without suppressing output of errors
-	 * @return string Rendered output
-	 */
-	function _render($___viewFn, $___data_for_view, $___play_safe = true)
-	{
-		/**
-		 * Fetching helpers
-		 */
-		if ($this->helpers !== false)
-		{
-			foreach ($this->helpers as $helper)
-			{
-				$helperFn = LIBS.'helpers'.DS.Inflector::underscore($helper).'.php';
-				$helperCn = ucfirst($helper).'Helper';
-				if (is_file($helperFn))
-				{
-					require_once $helperFn;
-					if(class_exists($helperCn)===true);
-					{
-						${$helper} = new $helperCn;
-						${$helper}->base   = $this->base;
-						${$helper}->here   = $this->here;
-						${$helper}->params = $this->params;
-						${$helper}->action = $this->action;
-						${$helper}->data   = $this->data;
-					}
-				}
-			}
-		}
-
-		extract($___data_for_view, EXTR_SKIP); # load all view variables
-		/**
-		 * Local template variables.
-		 */
-		$BASE = $this->base;
-		$params = &$this->params;
-		$page_title = $this->pageTitle;
-
-		/**
-		 * Start caching output (eval outputs directly so we need to cache).
-		 */
-		ob_start();
-
-		/**
-		 * Include the template.
-		 */
-		$___play_safe? @include($___viewFn): include($___viewFn);
-
-		$out = ob_get_clean();
-
-		return $out;
-	}
-
-
-	///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-
-	/**
-	 * Returns an URL for a combination of controller and action.
-	 *
-	 * @param string $url
-	 * @return string Full constructed URL as a string.
-	 */
-	function urlFor($url=null)
-	{
-		if (empty($url))
-		{
-			return $this->here;
-		}
-		elseif ($url[0] == '/')
-		{
-			$out = $this->base . $url;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			$out = $this->base . '/' . strtolower($this->params['controller']) . '/' . $url;
-		}
-
-		return ereg_replace('&([^a])', '&amp;\1', $out);
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Returns a space-separated string with items of the $options array.
-	 *
-	 * @param array $options Array of HTML options.
-	 * @param string $insert_before
-	 * @param unknown_type $insert_after
-	 * @return string
-	 */
-	function parseHtmlOptions($options, $exclude=null, $insert_before=' ', $insert_after=null)
-	{
-		if (!is_array($exclude)) $exclude = array();
-
-		if (is_array($options))
-		{
-			$out = array();
-			foreach ($options as $k=>$v)
-			{
-				if (!in_array($k, $exclude))
-				{
-					$out[] = "{$k}=\"{$v}\"";
-				}
-			}
-			$out = join(' ', $out);
-			return $out? $insert_before.$out.$insert_after: null;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			return $options? $insert_before.$options.$insert_after: null;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Returns an HTML link to $url for given $title, optionally using $html_options and $confirm_message (for "flash").
-	 *
-	 * @param string $title The content of the A tag.
-	 * @param string $url
-	 * @param array $html_options Array of HTML options.
-	 * @param string $confirm_message Message to be shown in "flash".
-	 * @return string
-	 */
-	function linkTo($title, $url, $html_options=null, $confirm_message=false)
-	{
-		$confirm_message? $html_options['onClick'] = "return confirm('{$confirm_message}')": null;
-		return sprintf(TAG_LINK, $this->UrlFor($url), $this->parseHtmlOptions($html_options), $title);
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Returns an external HTML link to $url for given $title, optionally using $html_options.
-	 * The ereg_replace is to replace the '&' in the URL into &amp; for XHTML purity.
-	 *
-	 * @param string $title
-	 * @param string $url
-	 * @param array $html_options
-	 * @return string
-	 */
-	function linkOut($title, $url=null, $html_options=null)
-	{
-		$url = $url? $url: $title;
-		return sprintf(TAG_LINK, ereg_replace('&([^a])', '&amp;\1', $url), $this->parseHtmlOptions($html_options), $title);
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Returns an HTML FORM element. 
-	 *
-	 * @param string $target URL for the FORM's ACTION attribute.
-	 * @param string $type FORM type (POST/GET).
-	 * @param array $html_options
-	 * @return string An formatted opening FORM tag.
-	 */
-	function formTag($target=null, $type='post', $html_options=null)
-	{
-		$html_options['action'] = $this->UrlFor($target);
-		$html_options['method'] = $type=='get'? 'get': 'post';
-		$type == 'file'? $html_options['enctype'] = 'multipart/form-data': null;
-
-		return sprintf(TAG_FORM, $this->parseHtmlOptions($html_options, null, ''));
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Returns a generic HTML tag (no content). 
-	 * 
-	 * Examples:
-	 * * <i>tag("br") => <br /></i>
-	 * * <i>tag("input", array("type" => "text")) => <input type="text" /></i>
-	 *
-	 * @param string $name Name of HTML element
-	 * @param array $options HTML options
-	 * @param bool $open Is the tag open or closed? (defaults to closed "/>")
-	 * @return string The formatted HTML tag
-	 */	
-	function tag($name, $options=null, $open=false)
-	{
-		$tag = "<$name ". $this->parseHtmlOptions($options);
-		$tag .= $open? ">" : " />";
-		return $tag;
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Returns a generic HTML tag with content.
-	 * 
-	 * Examples:
-	 * * <i>content_tag("p", "Hello world!") => <p>Hello world!</p></i>
-	 * * <i>content_tag("div", content_tag("p", "Hello world!"), array("class" => "strong")) => </i>
-	 *   <i><div class="strong"><p>Hello world!</p></div></i>
-	 *
-	 * @param string $name Name of HTML element
-	 * @param array $options HTML options
-	 * @param bool $open Is the tag open or closed? (defaults to closed "/>")
-	 * @return string The formatted HTML tag
-	 */	
-	function contentTag($name, $content, $options=null)
-	{
-		return "<$name ". $this->parseHtmlOptions($options). ">$content</$name>";
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Returns a formatted SUBMIT button for HTML FORMs.
-	 *
-	 * @param string $caption Text on SUBMIT button
-	 * @param array $html_options HTML options
-	 * @return string The formatted SUBMIT button
-	 */
-	function submitTag($caption='Submit', $html_options=null)
-	{
-		$html_options['value'] = $caption;
-		return sprintf(TAG_SUBMIT, $this->parseHtmlOptions($html_options, null, '', ' '));
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Returns a formatted INPUT tag for HTML FORMs.
-	 *
-	 * @param string $tag_name Name attribute for INPUT element
-	 * @param int $size Size attribute for INPUT element
-	 * @param array $html_options
-	 * @return string The formatted INPUT element
-	 */
-	function inputTag($tag_name, $size=20, $html_options=null)
-	{
-		$html_options['size'] = $size;
-		$html_options['value'] = isset($html_options['value'])? $html_options['value']: $this->tagValue($tag_name);
-		$this->tagIsInvalid($tag_name)? $html_options['class'] = 'form_error': null;
-		return sprintf(TAG_INPUT, $tag_name, $this->parseHtmlOptions($html_options, null, '', ' '));
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Returns an INPUT element with type="password".
-	 *
-	 * @param string $tag_name
-	 * @param int $size
-	 * @param array $html_options
-	 * @return string
-	 */
-	function passwordTag($tag_name, $size=20, $html_options=null)
-	{
-		$html_options['size'] = $size;
-		empty($html_options['value'])? $html_options['value'] = $this->tagValue($tag_name): null;
-		return sprintf(TAG_PASSWORD, $tag_name, $this->parseHtmlOptions($html_options, null, '', ' '));
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Returns an INPUT element with type="hidden".
-	 *
-	 * @param string $tag_name
-	 * @param string $value
-	 * @param array $html_options
-	 * @return string
-	 */
-	function hiddenTag($tag_name, $value=null, $html_options=null)
-	{
-		$html_options['value'] = $value? $value: $this->tagValue($tag_name);
-		return sprintf(TAG_HIDDEN, $tag_name, $this->parseHtmlOptions($html_options, null, '', ' '));
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Returns an INPUT element with type="file".
-	 *
-	 * @param string $tag_name
-	 * @param array $html_options
-	 * @return string
-	 */
-	function fileTag($tag_name, $html_options=null)
-	{
-		return sprintf(TAG_FILE, $tag_name, $this->parseHtmlOptions($html_options, null, '', ' '));
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Returns a TEXTAREA element.
-	 *
-	 * @param string $tag_name
-	 * @param int $cols
-	 * @param int $rows
-	 * @param array $html_options
-	 * @return string
-	 */
-	function areaTag($tag_name, $cols=60, $rows=10, $html_options=null)
-	{
-		$value = empty($html_options['value'])? $this->tagValue($tag_name): empty($html_options['value']);
-		$html_options['cols'] = $cols;
-		$html_options['rows'] = $rows;
-		return sprintf(TAG_AREA, $tag_name, $this->parseHtmlOptions($html_options, null, ' '), $value);
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Returns an INPUT element with type="checkbox". Checkedness is to be passed as string "checked" with the key "checked" in the $html_options array.
-	 *
-	 * @param string $tag_name
-	 * @param string $title
-	 * @param array $html_options
-	 * @return string
-	 */
-	function checkboxTag($tag_name, $title=null, $html_options=null)
-	{
-		$this->tagValue($tag_name)? $html_options['checked'] = 'checked': null;
-		$title = $title? $title: ucfirst($tag_name);
-		return sprintf(TAG_CHECKBOX, $tag_name, $tag_name, $tag_name, $this->parseHtmlOptions($html_options, null, '', ' '), $title);
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Returns a set of radio buttons. 
-	 *
-	 * @param string $tag_name
-	 * @param array $options Array of options to select from
-	 * @param string $inbetween String to separate options. See PHP's implode() function
-	 * @param array $html_options
-	 * @return string
-	 */
-	function radioTags($tag_name, $options, $inbetween=null, $html_options=null)
-	{
-		$value = isset($html_options['value'])? $html_options['value']: $this->tagValue($tag_name);
-		$out = array();
-		foreach ($options as $opt_value=>$opt_title)
-		{
-			$options_here = array('value' => $opt_value);
-			$opt_value==$value? $options_here['checked'] = 'checked': null;
-			$parsed_options = $this->parseHtmlOptions(array_merge($html_options, $options_here), null, '', ' ');
-			$individual_tag_name = "{$tag_name}_{$opt_value}";
-			$out[] = sprintf(TAG_RADIOS, $individual_tag_name, $tag_name, $individual_tag_name, $parsed_options, $opt_title);
-		}
-
-		$out = join($inbetween, $out);
-		return $out? $out: null;
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Returns a SELECT element, 
-	 *
-	 * @param string $tag_name Name attribute of the SELECT
-	 * @param array $option_elements Array of the OPTION elements (as 'value'=>'Text' pairs) to be used in the SELECT element
-	 * @param array $select_attr Array of HTML options for the opening SELECT element
-	 * @param array $option_attr Array of HTML options for the enclosed OPTION elements 
-	 * @return string Formatted SELECT element
-	 */
-	function selectTag($tag_name, $option_elements, $selected=null, $select_attr=null, $option_attr=null)
-	{
-		if (!is_array($option_elements) || !count($option_elements))
-		return null;
-
-		$select[] = sprintf(TAG_SELECT_START, $tag_name, $this->parseHtmlOptions($select_attr));
-		$select[] = sprintf(TAG_SELECT_EMPTY, $this->parseHtmlOptions($option_attr));
-
-		foreach ($option_elements as $name=>$title)
-		{
-			$options_here = $option_attr;
-
-			if ($selected == $name)
-			$options_here['selected'] = 'selected';
-
-			$select[] = sprintf(TAG_SELECT_OPTION, $name, $this->parseHtmlOptions($options_here), $title);
-		}
-
-		$select[] = sprintf(TAG_SELECT_END);
-
-		return implode("\n", $select);
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Returns a formatted IMG element.
-	 *
-	 * @param string $path Path to the image file
-	 * @param string $alt ALT attribute for the IMG tag
-	 * @param array $html_options
-	 * @return string Formatted IMG tag
-	 */
-	function imageTag($path, $alt=null, $html_options=null)
-	{
-		$url = $this->base.IMAGES_URL.$path;
-		return sprintf(TAG_IMAGE, $url, $alt, $this->parseHtmlOptions($html_options, null, '', ' '));
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Returns a mailto: link.
-	 *
-	 * @param string $title Title of the link, or the e-mail address (if the same)
-	 * @param string $email E-mail address if different from title
-	 * @param array $options
-	 * @return string Formatted A tag
-	 */
-	function linkEmail($title, $email=null, $options=null)
-	{
-		// if no $email, then title contains the email.
-		if (empty($email)) $email = $title;
-
-		$match = array();
-
-		// does the address contain extra attributes?
-		preg_match('!^(.*)(\?.*)$!', $email, $match);
-
-		// plaintext
-		if (empty($options['encode']) || !empty($match[2]))
-		{
-			return sprintf(TAG_MAILTO, $email, $this->parseHtmlOptions($options), $title);
-		}
-		// encoded to avoid spiders
-		else
-		{
-			$email_encoded = null;
-			for ($ii=0; $ii < strlen($email); $ii++)
-			{
-				if(preg_match('!\w!',$email[$ii]))
-				{
-					$email_encoded .= '%' . bin2hex($email[$ii]);
-				}
-				else
-				{
-					$email_encoded .= $email[$ii];
-				}
-			}
-
-			$title_encoded = null;
-			for ($ii=0; $ii < strlen($title); $ii++)
-			{
-				$title_encoded .= preg_match('/^[A-Za-z0-9]$/', $title[$ii])? '&#x' . bin2hex($title[$ii]).';': $title[$ii];
-			}
-
-			return sprintf(TAG_MAILTO, $email_encoded, $this->parseHtmlOptions($options, array('encode')), $title_encoded);
-		}
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Returns a LINK element for CSS stylesheets.
-	 *
-	 * @param string $path Path to CSS file
-	 * @param string $rel Rel attribute. Defaults to "stylesheet".
-	 * @param array $html_options
-	 * @return string Formatted LINK element.
-	 */
-	function cssTag($path, $rel='stylesheet', $html_options=null)
-	{
-		$url = "{$this->base}/".(COMPRESS_CSS? 'c': '')."css/{$path}.css";
-		return sprintf(TAG_CSS, $rel, $url, $this->parseHtmlOptions($html_options, null, '', ' '));
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Returns a charset meta-tag
-	 *
-	 * @param string $charset
-	 * @return string
-	 */
-	function charsetTag($charset)
-	{
-		return sprintf(TAG_CHARSET, $charset);
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Returns a JavaScript script tag.
-	 *
-	 * @param string $script The JavaScript to be wrapped in SCRIPT tags.
-	 * @return string The full SCRIPT element, with the JavaScript inside it.
-	 */
-	function javascriptTag($script)
-	{
-		return sprintf(TAG_JAVASCRIPT, $script);
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Returns a JavaScript include tag
-	 *
-	 * @param string $url URL to JavaScript file.
-	 * @return string
-	 */
-	function javascriptIncludeTag($url)
-	{
-		return sprintf(TAG_JAVASCRIPT_INCLUDE, $this->base.$url);
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Returns a row of formatted and named TABLE headers.
-	 *
-	 * @param array $names
-	 * @param array $tr_options
-	 * @param array $th_options
-	 * @return string
-	 */
-	function tableHeaders($names, $tr_options=null, $th_options=null)
-	{
-		$out = array();
-		foreach ($names as $arg)
-		{
-			$out[] = sprintf(TAG_TABLE_HEADER, $this->parseHtmlOptions($th_options), $arg);
-		}
-
-		return sprintf(TAG_TABLE_HEADERS, $this->parseHtmlOptions($tr_options), join(' ', $out));
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Returns a formatted string of table rows (TR's with TD's in them).
-	 *
-	 * @param array $data Array of table data
-	 * @param array $tr_options HTML options for TR elements
-	 * @param array $td_options HTML options for TD elements
-	 * @return string
-	 */
-	function tableCells($data, $odd_tr_options=null, $even_tr_options=null)
-	{
-		if (empty($data[0]) || !is_array($data[0]))
-		{
-			$data = array($data);
-		}
-
-		$count=0;
-		foreach ($data as $line)
-		{
-			$count++;
-			$cells_out = array();
-			foreach ($line as $cell)
-			{
-				$cells_out[] = sprintf(TAG_TABLE_CELL, null, $cell);
-			}
-
-			$options = $this->parseHtmlOptions($count%2? $odd_tr_options: $even_tr_options);
-			$out[] = sprintf(TAG_TABLE_ROW, $options, join(' ', $cells_out));
-		}
-
-		return join("\n", $out);
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Generates a nested <UL> (unordered list) tree from an array
-	 *
-	 * @param array $data
-	 * @param array $htmlOptions
-	 * @param string $bodyKey
-	 * @param childrenKey $bodyKey
-	 * @return string
-	 */
-	function guiListTree($data, $htmlOptions=null, $bodyKey='body', $childrenKey='children')
-	{
-		$out = "<ul".$this->parseHtmlOptions($htmlOptions).">\n";
-
-		foreach ($data as $item)
-		{
-			$out .= "<li>{$item[$bodyKey]}</li>\n";
-			if (isset($item[$childrenKey]) && is_array($item[$childrenKey]) && count($item[$childrenKey]))
-			{
-				$out .= $this->guiListTree($item[$childrenKey], $htmlOptions, $bodyKey, $childrenKey);
-			}
-		}
-
-		$out .= "</ul>\n";
-
-		return $out;
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Adds $name and $link to the breadcrumbs array.
-	 *
-	 * @param string $name Text for link
-	 * @param string $link URL for link
-	 */
-	function addCrumb($name, $link)
-	{
-		$this->_crumbs[] = array ($name, $link);
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Returns the breadcrumb trail as a sequence of &raquo;-separated links.
-	 *
-	 * @param string $separator Text to separate crumbs.
-	 * @return string Formatted -separated list of breadcrumb links. Returns NULL if $this->_crumbs is empty.
-	 */
-	function getCrumbs($separator = '&raquo;')
-	{
-
-		if (count($this->_crumbs))
-		{
-
-			$out = array("<a href=\"{$this->base}\">START</a>");
-			foreach ($this->_crumbs as $crumb)
-			{
-				$out[] = "<a href=\"{$this->base}{$crumb[1]}\">{$crumb[0]}</a>";
-			}
-
-			return join($separator, $out);
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			return null;
-		}
-	}
-
-
-	///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-
-
-	/**
-	 * Returns link to javascript function
-	 * 
-	 * Returns a link that'll trigger a javascript function using the 
-	 * onclick handler and return false after the fact.
-	 * 
-	 * Examples:
-	 * <code>
-	 *   linkToFunction("Greeting", "alert('Hello world!')");
-	 *   linkToFunction(imageTag("delete"), "if confirm('Really?'){ do_delete(); }");
-	 * </code>
-	 *
-	 * @param string $title title of link
-	 * @param string $func javascript function to be called on click
-	 * @param array $html_options html options for link
-	 * @return string html code for link to javascript function
-	 */
-	function linkToFunction($title, $func, $html_options=null)
-	{
-		$html_options['onClick'] = "$func; return false;";
-		return $this->linkTo($title, '#', $html_options);
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Returns link to remote action
-	 * 
-	 * Returns a link to a remote action defined by <i>options[url]</i> 
-	 * (using the urlFor format) that's called in the background using 
-	 * XMLHttpRequest. The result of that request can then be inserted into a
-	 * DOM object whose id can be specified with <i>options[update]</i>. 
-	 * Usually, the result would be a partial prepared by the controller with
-	 * either renderPartial or renderPartialCollection. 
-	 *
-	 * Examples:
-	 * <code>
-	 *  linkToRemote("Delete this post", 
-	 *  		array("update" => "posts", "url" => "delete/{$postid->id}"));
-	 *  linkToRemote(imageTag("refresh"), 
-	 *		array("update" => "emails", "url" => "list_emails" ));
-	 * </code>
-	 *
-	 * By default, these remote requests are processed asynchronous during 
-	 * which various callbacks can be triggered (for progress indicators and
-	 * the likes).
-	 *
-	 * Example:
-	 * <code>
-	 *   linkToRemote (word,
-	 *       array("url" => "undo", "n" => word_counter),
-	 *       array("complete" => "undoRequestCompleted(request)"));
-	 * </code> 
-	 *
-	 * The callbacks that may be specified are:
-	 *
-	 * - <i>loading</i>::       Called when the remote document is being 
-	 *                           loaded with data by the browser.
-	 * - <i>loaded</i>::        Called when the browser has finished loading
-	 *                           the remote document.
-	 * - <i>interactive</i>::   Called when the user can interact with the 
-	 *                           remote document, even though it has not 
-	 *                           finished loading.
-	 * - <i>complete</i>::      Called when the XMLHttpRequest is complete.
-	 *
-	 * If you for some reason or another need synchronous processing (that'll
-	 * block the browser while the request is happening), you can specify 
-	 * <i>options[type] = synchronous</i>.
-	 *
-	 * You can customize further browser side call logic by passing
-	 * in Javascript code snippets via some optional parameters. In
-	 * their order of use these are:
-	 *
-	 * - <i>confirm</i>::      Adds confirmation dialog.
-	 * -<i>condition</i>::    Perform remote request conditionally
-	 *                          by this expression. Use this to
-	 *                          describe browser-side conditions when
-	 *                          request should not be initiated.
-	 * - <i>before</i>::       Called before request is initiated.
-	 * - <i>after</i>::        Called immediately after request was
-	 *  		             initiated and before <i>loading</i>.
-	 *
-	 * @param string $title title of link
-	 * @param array $options options for javascript function
-	 * @param array $html_options options for link
-	 * @return string html code for link to remote action
-	 */
-	function linkToRemote($title, $options=null, $html_options=null)
-	{
-		return $this->linkToFunction($title, $this->remoteFunction($options), $html_options);
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Creates javascript function for remote AJAX call
-	 * 
-	 * This function creates the javascript needed to make a remote call 
-	 * it is primarily used as a helper for linkToRemote.
-	 * 
-	 * @see linkToRemote() for docs on options parameter.
-	 *
-	 * @param array $options options for javascript 
-	 * @return string html code for link to remote action
-	 */
-	function remoteFunction($options=null)
-	{
-		$javascript_options = $this->__optionsForAjax($options);
-		$func = isset($options['update'])
-		? "new Ajax.Updater('{$options['update']}', "
-		: "new Ajax.Request(";
-
-		$func .= "'" . $this->urlFor($options['url']) . "'";
-		$func .= ", $javascript_options)";
-
-		if (isset($options['before']))
-		{
-			$func = "{$options['before']}; $func";
-		}
-		if (isset($options['after']))
-		{
-			$func = "$func; {$options['before']};";
-		}
-		if (isset($options['condition']))
-		{
-			$func = "if ({$options['condition']}) { $func; }";
-		}
-		if (isset($options['confirm']))
-		{
-			$func = "if (confirm('" . $this->escapeJavascript($options['confirm']) . "')) { $func; }";
-		}
-
-		return $func;
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Escape carrier returns and single and double quotes for Javascript segments. 
-	 * 
-	 * @param string $javascript string that might have javascript elements
-	 * @return string escaped string
-	 */	
-	function escapeJavascript($javascript)
-	{
-		$javascript = str_replace(array("\r\n","\n","\r"),'\n', $javascript);
-		$javascript = str_replace(array('"', "'"), array('\"', "\\'"), $javascript);
-		return $javascript;
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Periodically call remote url via AJAX. 
-	 * 
-	 * Periodically calls the specified url (<i>options[url]</i>) every <i>options[frequency]</i> seconds (default is 10).
-	 * Usually used to update a specified div (<i>options[update]</i>) with the results of the remote call.
-	 * The options for specifying the target with url and defining callbacks is the same as linkToRemote.
-	 *
-	 * @param array $options callback options
-	 * @return string javascript code
-	 */	
-	function periodicallyCallRemote($options=null)
-	{
-		$frequency = (isset($options['frequency']))? $options['frequency'] : 10;
-		$code = "new PeriodicalExecuter(function() {" . $this->remote_function($options) . "}, $frequency)";
-		return $this->javascriptTag($code);
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Returns form tag that will submit using Ajax.
-	 * 
-	 * Returns a form tag that will submit using XMLHttpRequest in the background instead of the regular 
-	 * reloading POST arrangement. Even though it's using Javascript to serialize the form elements, the form submission 
-	 * will work just like a regular submission as viewed by the receiving side (all elements available in params).
-	 * The options for specifying the target with :url and defining callbacks is the same as link_to_remote.
-	 *
-	 * @param array $options callback options
-	 * @return string javascript code
-	 */	
-	function formRemoteTag($options=null)
-	{
-		$options['form'] = true;
-		$options['html']['onsubmit']=$this->remoteFunction($options) . "; return false;";
-		return $this->tag("form", $options['html'], true);
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Returns a button input tag that will submit using Ajax
-	 * 
-	 * Returns a button input tag that will submit form using XMLHttpRequest in the background instead of regular
-	 * reloading POST arrangement. <i>options</i> argument is the same as in <i>form_remote_tag</i>
-	 *
-	 * @param string $name input button name
-	 * @param string $value input button value
-	 * @param array $options callback options
-	 * @return string ajaxed input button
-	 */ 
-	function submitToRemote($name, $value, $options = null)
-	{
-		$options['with'] = 'Form.serialize(this.form)';
-		$options['html']['type'] = 'button';
-		$options['html']['onclick'] = $this->remoteFunction($options)."; return false;";
-		$options['html']['name'] = $name;
-		$options['html']['value'] = $value;
-		return $this->tag("input", $options['html'], false);
-	}
-
-
-	/**
-	 * Includes the Prototype Javascript library (in /vendors/javascript/prototype.js).
-	 *
-	 * @return string Javascript include tag for prototype library.
-	 */ 
-	function defineJavascriptFunctions()
-	{
-		return $this->javascriptIncludeTag(DS.'js'.DS.'vendors.php?file=prototype.js');
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Observe field and call ajax on change.
-	 * 
-	 * Observes the field with the DOM ID specified by <i>field_id</i> and makes
-	 * an Ajax when its contents have changed.
-	 * 
-	 * Required +options+ are:
-	 * - <i>frequency</i>:: The frequency (in seconds) at which changes to
-	 *                       this field will be detected.
-	 * - <i>url</i>::       @see urlFor() -style options for the action to call
-	 *                       when the field has changed.
-	 * 
-	 * Additional options are:
-	 * - <i>update</i>::    Specifies the DOM ID of the element whose 
-	 *                       innerHTML should be updated with the
-	 *                       XMLHttpRequest response text.
-	 * - <i>with</i>::      A Javascript expression specifying the
-	 *                       parameters for the XMLHttpRequest. This defaults
-	 *                       to Form.Element.serialize('$field_id'), which can be
-	 *                       accessed from params['form']['field_id'].
-	 *
-	 * Additionally, you may specify any of the options documented in
-	 * @see linkToRemote().
-	 *
-	 * @param string $field_id DOM ID of field to observe
-	 * @param array $options ajax options
-	 * @return string ajax script
-	 */ 
-	function observeField($field_id, $options = null)
-	{
-		if (!isset($options['with']))
-		{
-			$options['with'] = "Form.Element.serialize('$field_id')";
-		}
-		return $this->__buildObserver('Form.Element.Observer', $field_id, $options);
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Observe entire form and call ajax on change.
-	 * 
-	 * Like @see observeField(), but operates on an entire form identified by the
-	 * DOM ID <b>form_id</b>. <b>options</b> are the same as <b>observe_field</b>, except 
-	 * the default value of the <i>with</i> option evaluates to the
-	 * serialized (request string) value of the form.
-	 *
-	 * @param string $field_id DOM ID of field to observe
-	 * @param array $options ajax options
-	 * @return string ajax script
-	 */ 
-	function observeForm($field_id, $options = null)
-	{
-		//i think this is a rails bug... should be set
-		if (!isset($options['with']))
-		{
-			$options['with'] = 'Form.serialize(this.form)';
-		}
-
-		return $this->__buildObserver('Form.Observer', $field_id, $options);
-	}
-
-
-	/**
-	 * Javascript helper function (private).
-	 *
-	 */
-	function __optionsForAjax($options)
-	{
-		$js_options = $this->__buildCallbacks($options);
-		$js_options['asynchronous'] = 'true';
-		if (isset($options['type']))
-		{
-			if ($options['type'] == 'synchronous')
-			{
-				$js_options['asynchronous'] = 'false';
-			}
-		}
-		if (isset($options['method']))
-		{
-			$js_options['method'] = $this->__methodOptionToString($options['method']);
-		}
-		if (isset($options['position']))
-		{
-			$js_options['insertion'] = "Insertion." . Inflector::camelize($options['position']);
-		}
-
-		if (isset($options['form']))
-		{
-			$js_options['parameters'] = 'Form.serialize(this)';
-		}
-		elseif (isset($options['with']))
-		{
-			$js_options['parameters'] = $options['with'];
-		}
-
-		$out = array();
-		foreach ($js_options as $k => $v)
-		{
-			$out[] = "$k:$v";
-		}
-		$out = join(', ', $out);
-		$out = '{' . $out . '}';
-		return $out;
-	}
-
-
-	function __methodOptionToString($method)
-	{
-		return (is_string($method) && !$method[0]=="'")? $method : "'$method'";
-	}
-
-	function __buildObserver($klass, $name, $options=null)
-	{
-		if(!isset($options['with']) && isset($options['update']))
-		{
-			$options['with'] = 'value';
-		}
-		$callback = $this->remoteFunction($options);
-		$javascript = "new $klass('$name', ";
-		$javascript .= "{$options['frequency']}, function(element, value) {";
-		$javascript .= "$callback})";
-		return $this->javascriptTag($javascript);
-	}
-
-	function __buildCallbacks($options)
-	{
-		$actions= array('uninitialized', 'loading', 'loaded', 'interactive', 'complete');
-		$callbacks=array();
-		foreach($actions as $callback)
-		{
-			if(isset($options[$callback]))
-			{
-				$name = 'on' . ucfirst($callback);
-				$code = $options[$callback];
-				$callbacks[$name] = "function(request){".$code."}";
-			}
-		}
-		return $callbacks;
-	}
 
 }
 
diff --git a/libs/view.php b/libs/view.php
index f0393b455..52ecb60ad 100644
--- a/libs/view.php
+++ b/libs/view.php
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-<?php//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+<?php
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 // + $Id$
 // +------------------------------------------------------------------+ //
 // + Cake <https://developers.nextco.com/cake/>                       + //
@@ -13,8 +14,8 @@
 //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
 /**
-  * Purpose: Dispatcher
-  * Dispatches the request, creating aproppriate models and controllers.
+  * Purpose: View
+  * 
   * 
   * @filesource 
   * @author Cake Authors/Developers
@@ -22,13 +23,483 @@
   * @link https://developers.nextco.com/cake/wiki/Authors Authors/Developers
   * @package cake
   * @subpackage cake.libs
-  * @since Cake v 0.2.9
+  * @since Cake v 0.9.1
   * @version $Revision$
   * @modifiedby $LastChangedBy$
   * @lastmodified $Date$
   * @license http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php The MIT License
   */
 
+uses('object');
 
+/**
+ * 
+ *
+ * @package cake
+ * @subpackage cake.libs
+ * @since Cake v 0.9.1
+ */
+class View extends Object
+{
+	/**
+	 * Name of the controller.
+	 *
+	 * @var unknown_type
+	 * @access public
+	 */
+	var $name = null;
+
+	/**
+	 * Stores the current URL (for links etc.)
+	 *
+	 * @var string Current URL
+	 */
+	var $here = null;
+
+	/**
+	 * Enter description here...
+	 *
+	 * @var unknown_type
+	 * @access public
+	 */
+	var $parent = null;
+
+	/**
+	 * Action to be performed.
+	 *
+	 * @var string
+	 * @access public
+	 */
+	var $action = null;
+
+	/**
+	 * An array of names of models the particular controller wants to use.
+	 *
+	 * @var mixed A single name as a string or a list of names as an array.
+	 * @access protected
+	 */
+	var $uses = false;
+
+	/**
+	 * An array of names of built-in helpers to include.
+	 *
+	 * @var mixed A single name as a string or a list of names as an array.
+	 * @access protected
+	 */
+	var $helpers = array('html');
+
+	var $viewPath;
+
+	/**
+	 * Variables for the view
+	 *
+	 * @var array
+	 * @access private
+	 */
+	var $_viewVars = array();
+
+	/**
+	 * Enter description here...
+	 *
+	 * @var boolean
+	 * @access private
+	 */
+	var $pageTitle = false;
+
+	/**
+	 * An array of model objects.
+	 *
+	 * @var array Array of model objects.
+	 * @access public
+	 */
+	var $models = array();
+
+
+	/**
+	 * Enter description here...
+	 *
+	 * @var unknown_type
+	 * @access public
+	 */
+	var $base = null;
+
+	/**
+	 * Enter description here...
+	 *
+	 * @var string
+	 * @access public
+	 */
+	var $layout = 'default';
+
+	/**
+	 * Enter description here...
+	 *
+	 * @var boolean
+	 * @access public
+	 */
+	var $autoRender = true;
+
+	/**
+	 * Enter description here...
+	 *
+	 * @var boolean
+	 * @access public
+	 */
+	var $autoLayout = true;
+
+
+
+
+
+	var $params;
+	var $hasRendered = null;
+
+	var $modelsLoaded = false;
+
+	function getInstance()
+	{
+		static $instance;
+		if (!isset($instance))
+		{
+			$instance = array(new View());
+		}
+		return $instance[0];
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Displays a flash message. A flash message is feedback to the user that displays after editing actions, among other things.
+	 *
+	 * @param string $message Text to display to the user
+	 * @param string $url URL fragment
+	 * @param int $time Display time, in seconds
+	 */
+	function flash($message, $url, $time=1)
+	{
+		$this->autoRender = false;
+		$this->autoLayout = false;
+
+		$this->set('url', $this->base.$url);
+		$this->set('message', $message);
+		$this->set('time', $time);
+
+		$this->render(null,false,VIEWS.'layouts'.DS.'flash.thtml');
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Render view for given action and layout. If $file is given, that is used 
+	 * for a view filename (e.g. customFunkyView.thtml).
+	 *
+	 * @param string $action Name of action to render for
+	 * @param string $layout 
+	 * @param string $file Custom filename for view
+	 */
+	function render($action=null, $layout=null, $file=null)
+	{
+		if ($this->modelsLoaded!==true)
+		{
+			foreach ($this->models as $modelName => $model)
+			{
+				$this->$modelName = $model;
+			}
+		}
+
+		if (isset($this->hasRendered) && $this->hasRendered)
+		{
+			return true;
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			$this->hasRendered = false;
+		}
+
+		$this->autoRender = false;
+
+		if (!$action)
+		{
+			$action = $this->action;
+		}
+		if ($layout)
+		{
+			$this->setLayout($layout);
+		}
+
+		$viewFileName = $file? $file: $this->_getViewFileName($action);
+
+		if (!is_file($viewFileName))
+		{
+			if (strtolower(get_class($this)) == 'template')
+			{
+				return array('action' => $action, 'layout' => $layout, 'viewFn' => $viewFileName);
+			}
+
+			// check to see if the missing view is due to a custom missingAction
+			if (strpos($action, 'missingAction') !== false)
+			{
+				$errorAction = 'missingAction';
+			}
+			else
+			{
+				$errorAction = 'missingView';
+			}
+
+			// check for controller-level view handler
+			foreach(array($this->name, 'errors') as $viewDir)
+			{
+				$missingViewFileName = VIEWS.$viewDir.DS.Inflector::underscore($errorAction).'.thtml';
+				$missingViewExists = is_file($missingViewFileName);
+				if ($missingViewExists)
+				{
+					break;
+				}
+			}
+
+			if (strpos($action, 'missingView') === false)
+			{
+				$controller = $this;
+				$controller->missingView = $viewFileName;
+				$controller->action      = $action;
+				call_user_func_array(array(&$controller, 'missingView'), empty($params['pass'])? null: $params['pass']);
+				$isFatal = isset($this->isFatal) ? $this->isFatal : false;
+				if (!$isFatal)
+				{
+					$viewFileName = $missingViewFileName;
+				}
+			}
+			else
+			{
+				$missingViewExists = false;
+			}
+
+			if (!$missingViewExists || $isFatal)
+			{
+				// app/view/errors/missing_view.thtml view is missing!
+				if (DEBUG)
+				{
+					trigger_error(sprintf(ERROR_NO_VIEW, $action, $viewFileName), E_USER_ERROR);
+				}
+				else
+				{
+					$this->error('404', 'Not found', sprintf(ERROR_404, '', "missing view \"{$action}\""));
+				}
+
+				die();
+			}
+		}
+
+		if ($viewFileName && !$this->hasRendered)
+		{
+			$out = $this->_render($viewFileName, $this->_viewVars, 0);
+			if ($out !== false)
+			{
+				if ($this->layout && $this->autoLayout)
+				{
+					$out = $this->renderLayout($out);
+				}
+
+				print $out;
+				$this->hasRendered = true;
+			}
+			else
+			{
+				$out = $this->_render($viewFileName, $this->_viewVars, false);
+				trigger_error(sprintf(ERROR_IN_VIEW, $viewFileName, $out), E_USER_ERROR);
+			}
+
+			return true;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Renders a piece of PHP with provided parameters and returns HTML, XML, or any other string.
+	 *
+	 * @param string $name Name of template file
+	 * @param array $params Array of data for rendered view 
+	 * @return string Rendered output
+	 */
+	function renderElement($name, $params=array())
+	{
+		$fn = ELEMENTS.$name.'.thtml';
+
+		if (!file_exists($fn))
+		{
+			return "(Error rendering {$name})";
+		}
+		return $this->_render($fn, array_merge($this->_viewVars, $params));
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Renders a layout. Returns output from _render(). Returns false on error.
+	 *
+	 * @param string $content_for_layout Content to render in a view
+	 * @return string Rendered output
+	 */
+	function renderLayout($content_for_layout)
+	{
+		$layout_fn = $this->_getLayoutFileName();
+
+		$data_for_layout = array_merge($this->_viewVars, array(
+		'title_for_layout'=>$this->pageTitle !== false? $this->pageTitle: Inflector::humanize($this->viewPath),
+		'content_for_layout'=>$content_for_layout));
+
+		if (is_file($layout_fn))
+		{
+			$out = $this->_render($layout_fn, $data_for_layout);
+
+			if ($out === false)
+			{
+				$out = $this->_render($layout_fn, $data_for_layout, false);
+				trigger_error(sprintf(ERROR_IN_LAYOUT, $layout_fn, $out), E_USER_ERROR);
+				return false;
+			}
+			else
+			{
+				return $out;
+			}
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			trigger_error(sprintf(ERROR_NO_LAYOUT, $this->layout, $layout_fn), E_USER_ERROR);
+			return false;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Choose the layout to be used when rendering.
+	 *
+	 * @param string $layout
+	 */
+	function setLayout($layout)
+	{
+		$this->layout = $layout;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Displays an error page to the user. Uses layouts/error.html to render the page.
+	 *
+	 * @param int $code Error code (for instance: 404)
+	 * @param string $name Name of the error (for instance: Not Found)
+	 * @param string $message Error message
+	 */
+	function error ($code, $name, $message)
+	{
+		header ("HTTP/1.0 {$code} {$name}");
+		print ($this->_render(VIEWS.'layouts/error.thtml', array('code'=>$code,'name'=>$name,'message'=>$message)));
+	}
+
+
+	function missingController()
+	{
+		//We are simulating action call below, this is not a filename!
+		$this->render('../errors/missingController');
+	}
+
+	function missingAction()
+	{
+		//We are simulating action call below, this is not a filename!
+		$this->render('../errors/missingAction');
+	}
+
+	function missingView()
+	{
+		//We are simulating action call below, this is not a filename!
+		$this->render('../errors/missingView');
+	}
+
+
+	/**************************************************************************
+	* Private methods.
+	*************************************************************************/
+
+
+	/**
+	 * Returns filename of given action's template file (.thtml) as a string. CamelCased action names will be under_scored! This means that you can have LongActionNames that refer to long_action_names.thtml views.
+	 *
+	 * @param string $action Controller action to find template filename for
+	 * @return string Template filename
+	 */
+	function _getViewFileName($action)
+	{
+		$action = Inflector::underscore($action);
+		$viewFileName = VIEWS.$this->viewPath.DS."{$action}.thtml";
+		$viewPath = explode(DS, $viewFileName);
+
+		$i = array_search('..', $viewPath);
+
+		unset($viewPath[$i-1]);
+		unset($viewPath[$i]);
+
+		return '/'.implode('/', $viewPath);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Returns layout filename for this template as a string.
+	 *
+	 * @return string Filename for layout file (.thtml).
+	 */
+	function _getLayoutFileName()
+	{
+		return VIEWS."layouts".DS."{$this->layout}.thtml";
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Renders and returns output for given view filename with its 
+	 * array of data.
+	 *
+	 * @param string $___viewFn Filename of the view
+	 * @param array $___data_for_view Data to include in rendered view
+	 * @param boolean $___play_safe If set to false, the include() of the $__viewFn is done without suppressing output of errors
+	 * @return string Rendered output
+	 */
+	function _render($___viewFn, $___data_for_view, $___play_safe = true)
+	{
+		/**
+		 * Fetching helpers
+		 */
+		if ($this->helpers !== false)
+		{
+			foreach ($this->helpers as $helper)
+			{
+				$helperFn = LIBS.'helpers'.DS.Inflector::underscore($helper).'.php';
+				$helperCn = ucfirst($helper).'Helper';
+				if (is_file($helperFn))
+				{
+					require_once $helperFn;
+					if(class_exists($helperCn)===true);
+					{
+						${$helper} = new $helperCn;
+						${$helper}->base   = $this->base;
+						${$helper}->here   = $this->here;
+						${$helper}->params = $this->params;
+						${$helper}->action = $this->action;
+						${$helper}->data   = $this->data;
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
+		extract($___data_for_view, EXTR_SKIP); # load all view variables
+		/**
+		 * Local template variables.
+		 */
+		$BASE       = $this->base;
+		$params     = &$this->params;
+		$page_title = $this->pageTitle;
+
+		/**
+		 * Start caching output (eval outputs directly so we need to cache).
+		 */
+		ob_start();
+
+		/**
+		 * Include the template.
+		 */
+		$___play_safe? @include($___viewFn): include($___viewFn);
+
+		$out = ob_get_clean();
+
+		return $out;
+	}
+
+}
 
 ?>
\ No newline at end of file